The natural landscape park with an area of 250 ha was founded in 1885 by Count Arnošt Emanuel Silva-Tarouca. He made use of the rugged valley of the Botič stream and its tributaries Dobřejovický and Zdiměřický brooks, using native native tree species in combination with imported foreign species. As the basis of the park composition he established masterfully chosen vistas. He interspersed stands of trees, groups of trees and shrubs with meadow areas, ponds, streams and their dead ends. He skillfully used the variability of trees in different seasons. The result of his lifelong efforts is a top landscape work of world significance, which he created in his own original way.
Apart from its artistic and historical significance, the park is also valuable dendrologically as a collection of native and foreign trees - around 1600 species. The collection of rhododendrons is exceptional, comprising around 8,000 specimens in 100 species and cultivars. Průhonice Park also includes valuable gene pool collections concentrated in the Botanical Garden at Chotobuzi and a dendrotheque - a collection of cones. The park is also the most important landscape element southeast of Prague and an important refuge for all organisms in this landscape.